Bladder Cancer- What Are the Risk Factors Causing It?

 Bladder cancer is one of the common types of cancer that begins in the cells of the bladder, the organ responsible for storing urine. While this medical concern can occur at any age, it is more prevalent in older age individuals. The development of bladder cancer is often associated with various risk factors, both controllable and uncontrollable. 

Through this article, we are going to delve into these risk factors to better understand what causes bladder cancer and how you can reduce your risk. Meanwhile, references to mention these factors have been taken from Dr. Niren Rao, a leading urologist renowned for successful bladder cancer surgery in Delhi. So continue to read to get expert insights. 

1. Smoking

One of the most significant risk factors for bladder cancer is smoking. Cigarette smokers are at a much higher risk of developing bladder cancer compared to non-smokers. The harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke enter the bloodstream and are filtered by the kidneys, leading to their presence in the urine. This constant exposure to carcinogens can damage the lining of the bladder over time, increasing the likelihood of cancerous growth.

2. Age and Gender

Bladder cancer becomes more common with age, with the majority of cases diagnosed in people over 55. Men are also more likely to develop bladder cancer than women. This gender disparity is not entirely understood but may be linked to hormonal differences between men and women.

3. Occupational Exposure

Certain occupations involve exposure to chemicals and substances known to increase the risk of bladder cancer. Workers in industries such as dye, rubber, leather, and textile manufacturing may be at a higher risk due to exposure to chemicals like aniline dyes and aromatic amines. Miners who come into contact with substances like arsenic and coal tar are also at an elevated risk.

4. Chemical Exposures

Prolonged exposure to certain chemicals and toxins can contribute to bladder cancer. These chemicals include:

• Aromatic Amines: Found in some industrial processes and chemicals, such as those used in the production of rubber and textiles.

• Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Present in cigarette smoke, as well as in some industrial settings like coal processing and aluminum production.

• Arsenic: This naturally occurring element can contaminate drinking water in certain regions and increase the risk of bladder cancer.

5. Prior Cancer Treatments

Individuals who have undergone radiation therapy for a previous cancer in the pelvic area are at a higher risk of developing bladder cancer. Additionally, some chemotherapy drugs, particularly cyclophosphamide, have been associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer when used over extended periods.

6. Chronic Bladder Inflammation and Infections

Chronic inflammation and infections of the bladder, such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), can irritate the bladder lining and potentially lead to the development of cancerous cells. It is crucial to promptly and effectively treat and manage bladder infections to reduce this risk.

7. Family History and Genetics

A family history of bladder cancer can increase an individual's risk. Although the specific genetic factors are not well-defined, some genetic mutations may predispose certain families to bladder cancer.

8. Diet

While the link between diet and bladder cancer is not as well-established as with some other cancers, there is some evidence to suggest that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which provide antioxidants, may reduce the risk of bladder cancer. Conversely, a diet high in processed foods and low in fresh produce may increase the risk.

9. Fluid Intake

Drinking an adequate amount of fluids, particularly water, can help dilute the concentration of potential carcinogens in the urine. Insufficient fluid intake may increase the risk of bladder cancer.

10. Obesity

Obesity is associated with various health risks, including an increased likelihood of developing bladder cancer. The reasons behind this link are not entirely clear, but it may be related to the hormonal changes and inflammation associated with obesity.

Treatment for Bladder Cancer

The condition of cancer in the bladder is reversible through various surgical and minimally invasive procedures like: 

1. TURBT (Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor): TURBT is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to remove superficial bladder tumors. During this procedure, a thin, flexible instrument is inserted through the urethra to access and remove the tumor. It is often used for early-stage bladder cancer and to obtain tissue samples for biopsy. TURBT is not suitable for more advanced or invasive cancers but can help alleviate symptoms and allow for further treatment planning.

2. Radical Cystectomy: Radical cystectomy is a major surgical intervention that involves the complete removal of the bladder and surrounding lymph nodes. It is typically recommended for patients with advanced or aggressive bladder cancer. After the bladder removal, patients may undergo urinary diversion surgery to create a new way for urine to exit the body, such as an ileal conduit or neobladder.

3. Radiation and Chemotherapy: Radiation therapy and chemotherapy are often used in combination to treat bladder cancer. Radiation therapy involves using high-energy beams to target and kill cancer cells or shrink tumors. Chemotherapy uses drugs that circulate throughout the body to destroy cancer cells. This approach is commonly used for patients who are not candidates for surgery or as a part of the treatment plan before or after surgery to increase the chances of success and reduce the risk of cancer recurrence.

Conclusion

Cancer is a crucial medical concern that needs to be diagnosed and treated timely. Regarding this, knowing about the factors that increase the chance of bladder cancer is crucial for prevention and early detection. Some of the risk factors include smoking and occupational exposures. However, regular check-ups, prompt treatment of bladder infections, and a healthy lifestyle that includes a balanced diet and adequate fluid intake can help mitigate the risk of bladder cancer. But if someone is diagnosed with the condition then consultation with a urologist expert in bladder cancer removal is essential. 

To find such a urology doctor in Delhi you may visit Dr. Niren Rao’s Urology Practice and consult the concern with Dr. Niren Rao, an expert urologist. He is a highly qualified and experienced doctor renowned for providing a variety of treatments for urological disorders. He offers treatments including prostate, kidney, and bladder cancer removal. 

To address bladder cancer and remove it, he provides bladder cancer removal surgery using TURBT, Radical Cystectomy, Radiation, and Chemotherapy. Moreover, A bladder cancer surgery cost in Delhi at Dr. Niren Rao’s Urology Practice starts at INR 40000. To learn more, visit the doctor now!

Read this blog: Bladder Control Problems in Old Age People